Technical efficiency of ghanaian health facilities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abekah-Nkrumah, Gordon; Ofori, Charles Gyamfi; Antwi, Maxwell; Attachey, Alex Yao; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke; Janssens, Wendy; Duah, James; Dieteren, Charlotte; Sunkwa-Mills, Gifty

doi:10.1186/s12962-024-00575-8

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation

Table 15 Original and bias corrected efficiency scores for sampled hospitals (2019 and 2020 combined)

From: Technical efficiency of ghanaian health facilities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Facility (DMU) name	Original score	Bias corrected	95% Confidence interval
Facility (DMU) name	Original score	Bias corrected	(Lower bound)	(Upper bound)
Adventist Hospital, Breman	0.51	0.44	0.39	0.50
Akomaa Memorial SDA Hospital	0.35	0.31	0.29	0.34
SDA Clinic—Sefwi Amoaya	0.26	0.22	0.19	0.25
Anglican Clinic, Bonzain	0.39	0.32	0.27	0.38
Anglican clinic, Yelwoko	1.00	0.75	0.58	0.99
PH Anglican Eye Clinic, Jachie	0.64	0.55	0.49	0.63
Anglican Health Centre, Tano-Odumase	0.32	0.27	0.24	0.32
Baptist Medical Center—Nalerigu	1.00	0.74	0.57	0.99
St. Benito Menni Hospital, Dompoase-Adansi	0.50	0.44	0.41	0.49
Bryant Mission Hospital	0.53	0.45	0.42	0.52
Calvary Charismatic Baptist Medical Centre, Atwima Mim	0.92	0.77	0.60	0.91
Catholic Clinic, Barchabordo	0.14	0.12	0.09	0.14
Catholic Clinic, Oku	0.39	0.33	0.29	0.39
Catholic Clinic—PHC Salaga	1.00	0.76	0.58	0.99
Catholic Hospital, Battor	1.00	0.80	0.69	0.99
Central Charismatic Baptist Medical Centre, Gyinyase	0.40	0.34	0.29	0.39
Church of Christ Mission Clinic, Yendi	0.59	0.50	0.45	0.58
Church of God Clinic, Ahwerewam	0.27	0.23	0.21	0.26
Church of God Clinic, Apaaso	0.04	0.03	0.03	0.04
Church of God Medical Centre, Banda-Nkwanta	0.68	0.59	0.52	0.67
Dabaa Hope Hospital, Dabaa	0.58	0.49	0.44	0.57
E.P. Church Clinic, Wapuli	1.00	0.77	0.63	0.98
Evangelical Church of Ghana Hospital, Kpandai	0.48	0.39	0.33	0.47
Emmanuel Eye Medical Centre	1.00	0.80	0.65	0.99
Faith Evangelical Mission Hospital	0.81	0.71	0.66	0.80
Fame Clinic, Tatindo	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
Fame Clinic—Benwoko	1.00	0.77	0.62	0.98
Father Thomas Alan Rooney Memorial Hospital	0.73	0.64	0.59	0.72
Global Evangelical Mission Hospital Apromase	0.17	0.15	0.14	0.16
Hart Adventist Hospital	0.40	0.34	0.29	0.40
Holy Child Catholic Hospital, Fijai	1.00	0.77	0.63	0.98
Holy Family Hospital, Techiman	1.00	0.80	0.66	0.98
Holy Family Hospital, Nkawkaw	1.00	0.84	0.74	0.98
Holy Family Hospital, Berekum	0.85	0.73	0.64	0.83
Holy Spirit Clinic, Dantano	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
HopeXchange Medical Centre	0.40	0.35	0.32	0.40
Immaculate Conception Health Centre, Kaleo	1.00	0.75	0.56	0.98
Janie Speaks A.M.E Zion Hospital, Afrancho	0.43	0.38	0.33	0.43
Kom Presbyterian Clinic	1.00	0.78	0.66	0.98
LivingSpring Baptist Medical Centre-Atasomanso	0.12	0.10	0.08	0.12
Manna Mission Hospital	0.96	0.83	0.73	0.94
Margaret Marquart Catholic Hospital	0.90	0.80	0.75	0.89
Martyrs Of Uganda Health Centre, Bole	1.00	0.77	0.63	0.98
Mary Ekuba Ewoo SDA Clinic, Akwidaa	0.34	0.28	0.24	0.33
Mater Ecclesiae Hospital, Sokode	0.55	0.45	0.38	0.54
Mathias Catholic Hospital, Yeji	1.00	0.79	0.66	0.99
Mercy Women's Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.83	0.71	0.98
Methodist Medical Center, Adum	1.00	0.75	0.55	0.98
Bebu Methodist Clinic	1.00	0.77	0.62	0.99
Methodist Medical Centre, Apagya	1.00	0.79	0.67	0.98
Methodist Medical Centre, Brodekwano	0.32	0.27	0.23	0.32
Methodist Medical Centre, Dagyamen	1.00	0.74	0.53	0.98
Methodist medical Centre, Kwakuanya	1.00	0.80	0.66	0.98
SDA Hospital, Namong	0.64	0.56	0.52	0.64
Our Lady of Grace Hospital, Breman-Asikuma	0.90	0.80	0.73	0.88
Pentecost Clinic—Kasapin	0.54	0.46	0.41	0.54
Pentecost Hospital, Madina	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.99
Pentecost Hospital, Tarkwa	1.00	0.78	0.65	0.99
Pope Francis Health Centre, Komfourkrom	1.00	0.76	0.59	0.98
Pope John Paul II Medical Centre	0.36	0.30	0.27	0.35
Powerhouse Hospital	0.20	0.17	0.14	0.20
Presbyterian Health Centre, Assin Nsuta	0.47	0.39	0.35	0.46
Presbyterian PHC, Salaga	1.00	0.77	0.63	0.98
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kwamesua	0.57	0.47	0.38	0.56
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kyeremasu	0.85	0.74	0.69	0.84
Presbyterian Health Centre, Sumanduri	1.00	0.84	0.73	0.98
Presbyterian Clinic-Antwirifo	0.29	0.24	0.20	0.28
Presbyterian Health Centre, Papueso	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
Presbyterian Regional Eye Centre, Yorogo	1.00	0.74	0.53	0.98
Presbyterian PHC, Loloto	1.00	0.75	0.55	0.98
Presbyterian Health Centre, Langbinsi	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.99
Presbyterian CHPS, Amonie	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Enchi	1.00	0.83	0.68	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Jankufa	0.56	0.47	0.37	0.55
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kwadwokumikrom	1.00	0.77	0.60	0.98
Presbyterian Hospital, Dormaa Ahenkro	1.00	0.76	0.59	0.99
Queen of Peace Clinic, Sabuli	1.00	0.75	0.59	0.98
Richard Novati Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.77	0.60	0.98
Sacred Heart Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.80	0.68	0.98
Salvation Army Health Centre—Adaklu—Sofa	0.37	0.31	0.28	0.36
Salvation Army Health Centre, Ajumako Ochiso	0.64	0.53	0.47	0.63
Saviour Community Hospital, Bonwire	0.23	0.20	0.18	0.23
SDA Clinic and Maternity, Sefwi Punikrom	0.32	0.27	0.25	0.31
SDA clinic Denkyira Domimase	0.87	0.74	0.66	0.85
Seventh Day Adventist Clinic- Dadieso	0.98	0.83	0.74	0.97
SDA Clinic—WA	0.62	0.52	0.44	0.61
SDA Hospital Asamang	0.66	0.56	0.50	0.65
SDA Hospital, Koforidua	0.93	0.82	0.75	0.92
SDA Hospital, Dwinase	0.89	0.76	0.63	0.88
SDA Hospital, Obuasi	0.75	0.64	0.58	0.74
SDA Hospital, Sunyani	1.00	0.80	0.69	0.98
SDA Hospital, Tamale	1.00	0.85	0.76	0.98
SDA Hospital, Wiamoase	0.44	0.38	0.35	0.43
Valley View Adventist Hospital, Oyibi	0.27	0.23	0.21	0.26
SDA Hospital, Kwadaso-Kumasi	1.00	0.76	0.60	0.99
SDA Hospital, Gbawe	0.30	0.26	0.24	0.30
Grace Spring Mission Hospital	0.48	0.42	0.38	0.47
St. Dominic Clinic, Cherembo	1.00	0.75	0.53	0.99
St. Edward's Hospital, Dwinyama	0.53	0.44	0.39	0.52
St. James Clinic	0.53	0.45	0.40	0.52
St. John Health Centre, Akim Ofoase	0.27	0.22	0.19	0.27
St. Joseph's Hospital, Koforidua	0.72	0.63	0.56	0.71
St. Lucas Hospital, Wiaga	0.78	0.66	0.58	0.77
St. Mary Theresa Hospital	0.50	0.44	0.41	0.50
St. Mary's Hospital, Drobo	0.96	0.84	0.76	0.94
St. Michael's Hospital, Pramso	0.97	0.83	0.75	0.95
St Peter's Hospital—Jacobu	0.41	0.35	0.32	0.40
St. Alban's Clinic (The Refugee Camp)	1.00	0.82	0.73	0.98
St. Andrew's Catholic Hospital, Kordiabe	0.42	0.35	0.32	0.42
St. Anne's Polyclinic	0.17	0.14	0.12	0.17
St. Anthony's Clinic	1.00	0.82	0.69	0.98
St. Anthony's Hospital	0.65	0.56	0.51	0.64
St. Dominic Hospital, Akwatia	1.00	0.84	0.74	0.99
St. Elizabeth Hospital, Hwidiem	1.00	0.83	0.73	0.99
St. Francis Xavier Hospital	1.00	0.82	0.69	0.98
St. Georges Clinic, Liati	0.22	0.19	0.17	0.22
St. Gregory Catholic Hospital, Gomoa Budumburam	1.00	0.80	0.71	0.99
St. Ignatius Health Centre, Lassia Tuolu	1.00	0.75	0.57	0.98
St. John of God Hospital, Sefwi-Asafo	1.00	0.84	0.75	0.99
St. John of God Hospital, Amrahia	0.29	0.25	0.23	0.29
St. John of God Hospital, Duayaw-Nkwanta	1.00	0.85	0.74	0.98
St. Joseph’s Clinic-Wenchi Koasi	0.97	0.83	0.75	0.96
St. Joseph Health centre, Nakolo	0.85	0.72	0.63	0.84
St. Joseph's Hospital, Nkwanta, Oti	0.51	0.44	0.41	0.50
St. Joseph's Clinic, Bechem	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.99
St. Luke's Clinic, Chinderi	0.33	0.28	0.25	0.33
St. Luke catholic hospital, apam	0.71	0.63	0.59	0.70
St. Marks Anglican Clinic	0.54	0.46	0.41	0.53
St. Martin de Porres Hospital, Eikwe	1.00	0.82	0.74	0.99
St. Martin Memorial Hospital—Dansoman	0.56	0.47	0.42	0.55
St. Martin's Catholic Hospital, Agroyesum	0.77	0.66	0.61	0.76
St. Martins Memorial Hospital—Shukura	1.00	0.75	0.58	0.99
St. Martin's Memorial Hospital—Ashaiman	0.60	0.52	0.47	0.59
St. Matthew's hospital, ampenkro	1.00	0.78	0.63	0.98
St. Patrick's Hospital, Offinso	1.00	0.78	0.66	0.98
St. Theresa's hospital, Nkoranza	0.85	0.74	0.67	0.84
St. Theresa's Hospital, Nandom	1.00	0.75	0.59	0.99
St. Vincent DePaul Clinic, Drobonso	0.35	0.29	0.25	0.34
St. Christopher Health Centre, Dapouri	1.00	0.74	0.53	0.99
St. Joseph's Hospital, Jirapa	1.00	0.82	0.69	0.98
St. Martin's De Porres Health Centre, Eremon	0.80	0.68	0.57	0.79
St. Stella's Clinic, Karni	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.98
Presbyterian Health Centre, Suma Ahenkro	1.00	0.74	0.56	0.98
Tanoah Baptist Medical Centre, Opuniase	0.28	0.24	0.21	0.28
Tatale district hospital, tatale	1.00	0.77	0.62	0.99
Salvation Army Hospital, Wiamoase	1.00	0.77	0.64	0.99
Todah Hospital, Obuasi	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.99
True Faith Hospital—Kumawu Bodomase	0.11	0.09	0.08	0.11
Valley View Adventist Hospital, Techiman	0.55	0.45	0.37	0.54
St. Anne's Hospital, Damongo	0.62	0.53	0.47	0.61
Presbyterian Health Centre, Widana	1.00	0.75	0.57	0.98
Adventist Hospital, Breman	0.54	0.48	0.44	0.53
Akomaa Memorial SDA Hospital	0.30	0.26	0.25	0.30
SDA Clinic—Sefwi Amoaya	0.31	0.27	0.23	0.31
Anglican Clinic, Bonzain	0.19	0.17	0.15	0.19
Anglican clinic, Yelwoko	0.90	0.76	0.62	0.88
PH Anglican Eye Clinic, Jachie	0.66	0.57	0.49	0.65
Anglican Health Centre, Tano-Odumase	0.38	0.32	0.27	0.37
Baptist Medical Center—Nalerigu	1.00	0.81	0.69	0.99
St. Benito Menni Hospital, Dompoase-Adansi	0.71	0.60	0.53	0.70
Bryant Mission Hospital	0.59	0.50	0.45	0.58
Calvary Charismatic Baptist Medical Centre, Atwima Mim	1.00	0.78	0.63	0.98
Catholic Clinic, Barchabordo	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.99
Catholic Clinic, Oku	0.87	0.73	0.65	0.85
Catholic Clinic—PHC Salaga	1.00	0.81	0.66	0.98
Catholic Hospital, Battor	1.00	0.83	0.74	0.99
Central Charismatic Baptist Medical Centre, Gyinyase	1.00	0.82	0.70	0.98
Church of Christ Mission Clinic, Yendi	0.57	0.47	0.41	0.56
Church of God Clinic, Ahwerewam	0.36	0.31	0.27	0.36
Church of God Clinic, Apaaso	0.10	0.09	0.07	0.10
Church of God Medical Centre, Banda-Nkwanta	0.72	0.62	0.56	0.71
Dabaa Hope Hospital, Dabaa	1.00	0.83	0.73	0.99
E.P. Church Clinic, Wapuli	1.00	0.75	0.58	0.99
Evangelical Church of Ghana Hospital, Kpandai	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.99
Emmanuel Eye Medical Centre	1.00	0.76	0.60	0.98
Faith Evangelical Mission Hospital	1.00	0.77	0.61	0.98
Fame Clinic, Tatindo	1.00	0.77	0.64	0.99
Fame Clinic—Benwoko	0.23	0.19	0.16	0.23
Father Thomas Alan Rooney Memorial Hospital	1.00	0.75	0.57	0.99
Global Evangelical Mission Hospital Apromase	0.29	0.24	0.20	0.28
Hart Adventist Hospital	0.40	0.34	0.30	0.39
Holy Child Catholic Hospital, Fijai	0.85	0.72	0.62	0.84
Holy Family Hospital, Techiman	1.00	0.79	0.68	0.99
Holy Family Hospital, Nkawkaw	0.97	0.81	0.69	0.95
Holy Family Hospital, Berekum	1.00	0.88	0.80	0.98
Holy Spirit Clinic, Dantano	1.00	0.74	0.53	0.98
HopeXchange Medical Centre	0.38	0.34	0.32	0.38
Immaculate Conception Health Centre, Kaleo	0.47	0.40	0.35	0.47
Janie Speaks A.M.E Zion Hospital, Afrancho	0.41	0.35	0.31	0.40
Kom Presbyterian Clinic	0.35	0.29	0.25	0.34
LivingSpring Baptist Medical Centre-Atasomanso	0.05	0.04	0.04	0.05
Manna Mission Hospital	1.00	0.82	0.71	0.98
Margaret Marquart Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.82	0.71	0.99
Martyrs Of Uganda Health Centre, Bole	0.63	0.55	0.49	0.62
Mary Ekuba Ewoo SDA Clinic, Akwidaa	0.72	0.61	0.51	0.71
Mater Ecclesiae Hospital, Sokode	0.34	0.29	0.26	0.34
Mathias Catholic Hospital, Yeji	1.00	0.82	0.69	0.98
Mercy Women's Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.82	0.71	0.98
Methodist Medical Center, Adum	0.26	0.22	0.18	0.26
Bebu Methodist Clinic	0.32	0.27	0.23	0.32
Methodist Medical Centre, Apagya	0.84	0.71	0.61	0.83
Methodist Medical Centre, Brodekwano	0.75	0.61	0.47	0.74
Methodist Medical Centre, Dagyamen	0.37	0.30	0.25	0.36
Methodist medical Centre, Kwakuanya	1.00	0.77	0.62	0.99
SDA Hospital, Namong	0.63	0.55	0.52	0.62
Our Lady of Grace Hospital, Breman-Asikuma	0.81	0.69	0.60	0.79
Pentecost Clinic—Kasapin	0.51	0.43	0.38	0.51
Pentecost Hospital, Madina	1.00	0.74	0.55	0.98
Pentecost Hospital, Tarkwa	0.75	0.66	0.61	0.73
Pope Francis Health Centre, Komfourkrom	0.93	0.77	0.60	0.92
Pope John Paul II Medical Centre	0.30	0.26	0.22	0.30
Powerhouse Hospital	1.00	0.78	0.63	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Assin Nsuta	1.00	0.75	0.57	0.98
Presbyterian PHC, Salaga	0.07	0.06	0.05	0.07
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kwamesua	1.00	0.82	0.68	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kyeremasu	1.00	0.75	0.56	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Sumanduri	1.00	0.74	0.55	0.98
Presbyterian Clinic-Antwirifo	0.43	0.35	0.29	0.42
Presbyterian Health Centre, Papueso	0.80	0.67	0.58	0.79
Presbyterian Regional Eye Centre, Yorogo	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.99
Presbyterian PHC, Loloto	0.96	0.83	0.70	0.95
Presbyterian Health Centre, Langbinsi	1.00	0.78	0.60	0.98
Presbyterian CHPS, Amonie	1.00	0.80	0.65	0.99
Presbyterian Health Centre, Enchi	0.98	0.87	0.77	0.97
Presbyterian Health Centre, Jankufa	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
Presbyterian Health Centre, Kwadwokumikrom	1.00	0.75	0.53	0.98
Presbyterian Hospital, Dormaa Ahenkro	0.88	0.74	0.65	0.86
Queen of Peace Clinic, Sabuli	1.00	0.84	0.72	0.99
Richard Novati Catholic Hospital	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
Sacred Heart Catholic Hospital	0.91	0.78	0.70	0.90
Salvation Army Health Centre—Adaklu—Sofa	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.99
Salvation Army Health Centre, Ajumako Ochiso	1.00	0.82	0.72	0.99
Saviour Community Hospital, Bonwire	0.47	0.39	0.34	0.46
SDA Clinic and Maternity, Sefwi Punikrom	0.29	0.25	0.23	0.29
SDA clinic Denkyira Domimase	0.49	0.42	0.38	0.48
Seventh Day Adventist Clinic- Dadieso	1.00	0.80	0.66	0.98
SDA Clinic—WA	0.64	0.56	0.51	0.63
SDA Hospital Asamang	0.49	0.42	0.38	0.48
SDA Hospital, Koforidua	0.90	0.79	0.72	0.89
SDA Hospital, Dwinase	0.98	0.83	0.74	0.97
SDA Hospital, Obuasi	1.00	0.83	0.74	0.98
SDA Hospital, Sunyani	0.91	0.80	0.74	0.90
SDA Hospital, Tamale	1.00	0.76	0.60	0.98
SDA Hospital, Wiamoase	0.73	0.61	0.54	0.71
Valley View Adventist Hospital, Oyibi	0.23	0.20	0.18	0.23
SDA Hospital, Kwadaso-Kumasi	1.00	0.80	0.63	0.99
SDA Hospital, Gbawe	0.33	0.29	0.27	0.32
Grace Spring Mission Hospital	0.64	0.56	0.52	0.63
St. Dominic Clinic, Cherembo	0.66	0.55	0.42	0.65
St. Edward's Hospital, Dwinyama	0.48	0.41	0.38	0.47
St. James Clinic	0.79	0.68	0.60	0.78
St. John Health Centre, Akim Ofoase	0.38	0.32	0.28	0.37
St. Joseph's Hospital, Koforidua	0.56	0.48	0.43	0.55
St. Lucas Hospital, Wiaga	0.46	0.40	0.36	0.45
St. Mary Theresa Hospital	0.66	0.57	0.52	0.65
St. Mary's Hospital, Drobo	1.00	0.75	0.55	0.98
St. Michael's Hospital, Pramso	0.86	0.76	0.69	0.85
St Peter's Hospital—Jacobu	0.33	0.28	0.25	0.32
St. Alban's Clinic (The Refugee Camp)	1.00	0.82	0.68	0.98
St. Andrew's Catholic Hospital, Kordiabe	0.32	0.27	0.24	0.31
St. Anne's Polyclinic	0.18	0.15	0.13	0.18
St. Anthony's Clinic	0.42	0.34	0.28	0.41
St. Anthony's Hospital	0.71	0.58	0.48	0.70
St. Dominic Hospital, Akwatia	1.00	0.79	0.66	0.98
St. Elizabeth Hospital, Hwidiem	1.00	0.76	0.60	0.98
St. Francis Xavier Hospital	1.00	0.83	0.75	0.98
St. Georges Clinic, Liati	0.33	0.27	0.23	0.33
St. Gregory Catholic Hospital, Gomoa Budumburam	1.00	0.84	0.73	0.98
St. Ignatius Health Centre, Lassia Tuolu	0.66	0.55	0.49	0.65
St. John of God Hospital, Sefwi-Asafo	1.00	0.86	0.77	0.98
St. John of God Hospital, Amrahia	0.53	0.44	0.38	0.52
St. John of God Hospital, Duayaw-Nkwanta	0.98	0.83	0.71	0.97
St. Joseph’s Clinic-Wenchi Koasi	1.00	0.77	0.62	0.99
St. Joseph Health centre, Nakolo	0.52	0.46	0.42	0.51
St. Joseph's Hospital, Nkwanta, Oti	0.39	0.35	0.32	0.39
St. Joseph's Clinic, Bechem	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.02
St. Luke's Clinic, Chinderi	0.36	0.30	0.27	0.35
St. Luke catholic hospital, apam	0.92	0.80	0.73	0.91
St. Marks Anglican Clinic	1.00	0.75	0.54	0.99
St. Martin de Porres Hospital, Eikwe	1.00	0.80	0.70	0.98
St. Martin Memorial Hospital—Dansoman	0.52	0.46	0.43	0.51
St. Martin's Catholic Hospital, Agroyesum	0.69	0.59	0.52	0.68
St. Martins Memorial Hospital—Shukura	1.00	0.74	0.54	0.98
St. Martin's Memorial Hospital—Ashaiman	0.55	0.50	0.47	0.54
St. Matthew's hospital, ampenkro	1.00	0.84	0.75	0.98
St. Patrick's Hospital, Offinso	1.00	0.82	0.72	0.98
St. Theresa's hospital, Nkoranza	0.79	0.68	0.58	0.78
St. Theresa's Hospital, Nandom	1.00	0.76	0.59	0.98
St. Vincent DePaul Clinic, Drobonso	0.52	0.43	0.37	0.51
St. Christopher Health Centre, Dapouri	1.00	0.76	0.59	0.98
St. Joseph's Hospital, Jirapa	0.70	0.60	0.55	0.69
St. Martin's De Porres Health Centre, Eremon	0.77	0.66	0.59	0.76
St. Stella's Clinic, Karni	1.00	0.75	0.56	0.98
Presbyterian Health Centre, Suma Ahenkro	1.00	0.78	0.59	0.99
Tanoah Baptist Medical Centre, Opuniase	0.19	0.16	0.13	0.19
Tatale district hospital, tatale	0.61	0.53	0.49	0.60
Salvation Army Hospital, Wiamoase	1.00	0.81	0.72	0.99
Todah Hospital, Obuasi	1.00	0.75	0.57	0.98
True Faith Hospital—Kumawu Bodomase	0.25	0.21	0.17	0.25
Valley View Adventist Hospital, Techiman	0.56	0.47	0.42	0.55
St. Anne's Hospital, Damongo	0.53	0.46	0.43	0.52
Presbyterian Health Centre, Widana	1.00	0.79	0.67	0.98

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ISSN: 1478-7547

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