Fig. 2

Primary outcomes comparison GST and Non-GST group (in odds ratio and 95% ConfidenceInterval). *Intraoperative anastomosis (IA); Intraoperative Bleeding (IB); Intraoperative Electrocoagulation (IE); Postoperative Bleeding (PB); Intraoperative Suture (IS); Intraoperative Compression (IC); Intraoperative Pression (IP). *Regression model adjusted for age, gender, BMI, comorbidities, and surgeons and operation method