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Table 3 NHS and PSS costs by trial allocation arm and cost component category for the entire follow-up period in base case (imputed) analysis (£, 2018–19 prices)

From: Economic costs, health-related quality of life outcomes and cost-utility of a physical and psychological group intervention targeted at older adults with neurogenic claudication

Cost category

Treatment arm, mean; median cost (£) (SE)

Mean cost (£) difference

p-value i

95% Confidence interval

BOOST programme

Best Practice Advice (BPA)

(n = 292)

(n = 143)

NHS and PSS

 Intervention costs

382.31; 374.76 (6.90)

74.61; 70.10 (9.86)

307.71

 < 0.0001

(284.04 to 331.37)

 Hospital inpatient services

501.69; 0 (86.59)

552.50; 0 (123.74)

− 50.80

0.737

(− 347.67 to 246.07)

 Hospital day care services

122.77; 0 (19.65)

91.23; 0 (28.09)

31.54

0.358

(− 35.86 to 98.94)

 Hospital outpatient services

407.34; (232.93) (53.98)

495.04; 298.75 (77.14)

− 87.70

0.352

(− 272.78 to 97.38)

 General community-based health services

210.02; 172.35 (12.43)

204.59; 179 (17.77)

5.43

0.802

(− 37.19 to 48.06)

 Community-based social care services

0.27; 0 (0.86)

5.64; 0 (1.23)

− 5.37

 < 0.0001

(− 8.33 to − 2.41)

 Equipment, adaptations/repairs

6.02; 0 (1.51)

3.02; 0 (2.16)

3.00

0.256

(− 2.18 to 8.19)

 Concomitant/prescription medications

343.63; 280.43 (21.43)

400.02; 347.39(30.62)

− 56.39

0.132

(− 129.86 to 17.08)

 Total (NHS and PSS) (excluding intervention costs)

1591.75; 1173 (117.23)

1752.04; 1296 (167.54)

− 160.29

0.434

(− 562.23 to 241.65)

 Total (NHS and PSS) (including intervention costs)

1974.06; 1508 (118.05)

1826.64; 1347 (168.70)

147.42

0.474

(− 419.00 to 714.00)

  1. ap-value calculated using the student’s t-test, two-tail unequal variance